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Scope Of Microbiology. #Bpharmacynotes

SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY


There is vast scope in the field of microbiology due to the advancement in the field of science and
technology.
The scope in this field is immense due to the involvement of microbiology in many fields like
medicine, pharmacy, diary, industry, clinical research, water industry, agriculture, chemical
technology and nanotechnology.

Food microbiology:- Food microbiology involves the prevention of spoilage of food and
food borne diseases such as botulism (A rare poisoning caused by toxin produced by clostridium
botulinum bacteria be spread in food) and salmonellosis (An infection with salmonella bacteria,
commonly caused by contaminated food or water).                                                                           
Food microbiology also concerned with the study of microbes which are used in various food
& dairy industries to produce various food products like cheese, pickles, yogurt, vinegar, bread etc.



Production of Alcohols:- It also concerned with the study of microbes which also helped in
production of ethanol, butanol, beer, wine etc by fermentation process.
E.g. The fungus yeast convert the solution of water & sugar in to butanol by fermentation process.

Agriculture microbiology:- Agriculture microbiology is concerned with the study of micro organism
which are helpful for plant growth, development and enhance the quality of plants.
The influence of microbes on agriculture; the prevention of the diseases that mainly damage the 
useful crops. 
Currently there is a great interest in using bacterial or viral insect pathogens as substitute for
chemical pesticides. 
Many microbial cells present in soil play an important role in soil fertility, herbicidal, insect
resistance, and enhance quality of plant products.               
E.g. Rhizobioum species, Azotobactor, Agrobacterium rhizogens.




Genetics engineering:- Genetic engineering field concerned with the study of Microbes are used in
recombinant DNA technology to manipulate their gene for the production of enzymes, hormones,
interferon's and many other useful products for human being.



Industrial microbiology:It is the branch of microbiology that deals with conversion of large amount
of substrate in to economically important product by use of micro-organism.
Microbes are used in economic and industrial purposes and also used to make products such as
antibiotics, vaccines, steroids, alcohols and other solvents, vitamins, amino acids & enzymes.
E.g. Protease amylase from bacillus, Methanococcus is used for production of methane in
fuel industry.

Ecology and environment:- Bacteria are primary decomposer as they recycle nutrients back in to
the environment. Some bacteria are used as biopesticides to control insect pest.
Example. Bacillus thuringiensis.

Microbial physiology and Biochemistry: This field is concerned with the study of synthesis of
antibiotics and toxins, microbial energy production, microbial nitrogen fixation, effects of chemical
and physical agents on microbial growth and survival etc.

Medicine: deals with the identification of plans and measures to cure diseases of human and animals
which are infectious to them.

Clinical and pharmaceutical microbiology:-
A. Diagnosis of disease & treatment:- Different test are used to detect infectious microorganism.
E.g. Elisa, Widal test – Typhoid – bacteria salmonella typhimurium.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is mainly used for selection of antibiotics for the treatment
of microbial infection.

B. Production of antibiotics:- Many antibiotics are isolated from natural microorganism by
the process of fermentation.
E.g. Penicillin from penicillium notatum
Streptomycin from strptomyces griseus
Tetracyclins from strptomyces aureofaciens.

C. Production of vaccine:- Different types of vaccine are produced from microorganism. 
E.g. Rabies vaccine, Anthrax vaccine, Cholera vaccine.



Immunology: This field is concerned with the study of immune system to enhance the immune 
power which protect the body from pathogens.


CLICK BELOW TOPIC TO READ                                                                                                         

1.      INTRODUCTION OF MICROBIOLOGY

2.      BRANCHES OF MICROBIOLOGY

3.      SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY

4.      HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY {PART 1}

5.       HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY {PART 2}

6.      HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY {PART 3}

7.        PROKARYOTES VS EUKARYOTES DIFFERENCES

8.      MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA

9.      ULTRASTRUCTURE OF BACTERIA

1.   NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF BACTERIA

1.   RAW MATERIAL USED FOR CULTURE MEDIA

1.   TYPES OF CULTURE MEDIA IN MICROBIOLOGY

1.   PHYSICAL PARAMETERS FOR GROWTH

1.   GROWTH CURVE OF BACTERIA

1.   MEASUREMENT OF BACTERIAL GROWTH.

1.    ISOLATION OF PURE CULTURE




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